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\section{Integration Procedures} |
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\label{sec:Procedures} |
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TIB and TID have different integration procedures, each one being optimised |
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The TIB and TID have different integration procedures, each one being optimised |
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for the geometry and the best installation and test logical sequence. |
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In this section the steps done to assembly a TIB shell and a TID |
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ring will be described also mentioning the tests performed in between and |
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\begin{center} |
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\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{Figs/bench.pdf} |
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\end{center} |
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\caption{A shell carbon fiber structure mounted on the integration bench. The cooling pipes |
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and ledges of inner part of the shell are visible.} |
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\caption{A shell carbon fiber structure mounted on the integration bench. |
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The cooling pipes |
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and ledges of inner part of the shell are visible. Stickers, containing |
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bar codes to identify the strings, are temporary fixed on the structure.} |
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\label{fig:bench} % Give a unique label |
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\end{figure} |
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|
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\begin{center} |
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\includegraphics[width=0.60\textwidth]{Figs/mc_detail_full.png} |
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\end{center} |
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\caption{A symplified detail of the $r\phi$ section of TIB L3 |
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mechanical drawing.} |
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\caption{A symplified $r\phi$ view of TIB L3 as seen from the front-flange.} |
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\label{fig:l3detail} % Give a unique label |
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\end{figure} |
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\subsubsection{Module Mounting}\label{sect:tibmodules} |
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Both single modules and double sided module assemblies are mounted on the shell by hand. |
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%Both single modules and double sided module assemblies are mounted on the shell by hand. |
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The module is supported below the front-end |
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hybrid and on the opposite side by two ledges support that precisely |
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define the module position and act as heat sink |
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%for the front-end hybrid and the sensor generated power |
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being in contact with the cooling pipes. |
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hybrid and on the opposite side by two aluminum ledges that precisely |
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define its position and, being in contact with the cooling pipes, |
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act as heat sink. |
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%for the front-end hybrid and the sensor generated power |
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The shape of the ledges is different for the single sided modules and |
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for the double-sided module assemblies. In the latter case the |
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``stereo'' module sits on the structure upside-down and the ledge |
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below the hybrid has a milled slot to ensure enough room to the |
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``stereo'' module sits on the structure upside-down and the hybrid ledge |
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has a milled slot to leave enough room for the |
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front-end hybrid. The ledge on the opposite side has two different |
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shapes reflecting the two orientations of the ``stereo'' modules. |
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Each ledge has two M1 threaded holes. One is concentric with a 2mm |
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diameter socket. |
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The module features one precision pin on both short sides that fits |
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into the socket (Fig. \ref{fig:insets} c). The milling of the socket and the glueing of the |
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ledge onto the shell is done by using the same reference, i.e. the |
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ledge edges, so to ensure an accurate positioning. |
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into the socket (Fig. \ref{fig:inserts} c). |
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The milling of the socket and the glueing of the |
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ledge onto the shell are both done by using the same reference, i.e. the |
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precisely machined ledge edges, so to ensure an accurate positioning. |
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The module pin at the hybrid side is glued onto the module frame. The |
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one at the opposite side, however, fits into an 'U'-shaped |
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slot a design that allows for movements along the module long side. In |
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a device that will be affected to huge temperature changes, this is an |
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essential feature to compensate for thermal variations while ensuring |
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mechanical precision. |
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slot a design that allows for movements along the module long side. |
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With such a constraint it is always possible to easily screw down the module |
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regardless of the small construction tolerances on the relative position |
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of the four holes set. |
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%In a device that will be affected to huge temperature changes, this is an |
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%essential feature to compensate for thermal variations while ensuring |
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%mechanical precision. |
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Before mounting a module on the shell the structure is rotated to place |
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the corresponding string in a confortable and horizontal |
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position. Then the module inventory database is queried for an |
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the corresponding string in a horizontal position to ease the following |
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operations. |
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FIXME: Introdurre l'inventory database prima delle procedure d'integrazione, |
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in modo da poterlo nominare qui, e anche prima quando si parla del montaggio |
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di MC e AOH. |
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Then the module inventory database is queried for an |
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appropriate module. The answer depends on module type and availability |
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at the integration centre and on the module depletion |
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voltage (see par.~\ref{sec:biasandvdepl}). \\ |
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The single sided module or the double side modules assembly is mounted |
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on the structure by hand. It is first leaned onto the ledges and then is |
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gently slit until the pin at the hybrid side enters into the precision |
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socket. Now can only the rotation around the pin axis is possible. |
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socket. At this stage only a rotation around the pin axis is possible. |
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The mounting is completed by inserting in the corresponding precision |
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socket the T-shaped aluminum pin placed in the U-shaped slot |
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(Fig. \ref{fig:insets} b) located on the frame short side opposite to |
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(Fig. \ref{fig:inserts} b) located on the frame short side opposite to |
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the hybrid. The module is finally tighetned by the four M1 screws by |
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using a limited-torque screw driver. |
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|
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\begin{figure}[tbh] |
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\centering |
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\includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{Figs/collage.pdf} |
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\caption{TIB single-sided module insets: |
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\caption{TIB single-sided module inserts: |
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\textbf{a:} The U-shaped slot glued on the carbon fiber module frame; |
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\textbf{b:} the T-shaped pin inserted in the slot (seen from below); |
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\textbf{c:} front-end hybrid side precision insertion pin (seen from below).} |
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\label{fig:insets} |
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\label{fig:inserts} |
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\end{figure} |
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The clearance between the module most fragile parts (bondings) |
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and the other surrounding structures when the operation is performed (cooling pipes and ledges of the |
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adjacent strings and modules already mounted) are, in case of single-sided modules, |
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and the other surrounding structures when the operation is performed |
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(cooling pipes and ledges of the |
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adjacent strings and modules already mounted) are, in case of single-sided |
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modules, |
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sufficiently large for a safe operation. For the double-sided module |
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assemblies the cleareances are much reduced, of the order or less than a millimeter. |
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assemblies the cleareances are much reduced being |
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of the order or less than a millimeter. |
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In this case, to ease the mounting, a simple mechanical guidance |
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template has been designed to further reduce the risk of possible |
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accidental damage of the microbonds or the sensor. |
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This template is temporary mounted using the ledges of the adjacent string |
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and prevents the module to move into positions where its bondings |
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can touch the mechanics. When the module is safely screwed into position |
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the template is removed. |
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Once a module or a double sided assembly is mounted its basic |
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functionality is tested by feeding low voltages and checking I$^2$C |
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communications with the various devices present on the hybrid, the CCU |
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on the mother cable and the AOH. This also allows the module identity |
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to be certified by using the DCU hardware ID. |
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Once a string of three or six modules is completed the I$^2$C |
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to be certified by reading the DCU hardware ID. |
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Once a string is completed the I$^2$C |
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communications are checked again and a pedestal and noise run is taken |
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with a HV bias at 400V. For the tests complete description see |
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with a bias voltage of 400V. For the tests complete description see |
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section~\ref{sec:Tests}. |
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\subsubsection{Control Ring Installation} |
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The control electronics that supervises the control ring, i.e. the |
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DOHM boards and in case the AUXs, are located on a carbon fiber skin |
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are mounted on the shell external surface just above the modules by carbon fiber pillars and aluminum supports (Fig. \ref{fig:dohm}). |
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A thin aluminum foil has been glued on the skin and electrically grounded |
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The control electronics that supervises the control ring |
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(DOHM and AUX boards) are located on a carbon fiber skin which is |
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mounted on the shell external surface, just above the modules, |
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by carbon fiber pillars and aluminum supports (Fig. \ref{fig:dohm}). |
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A thin aluminum foil has been glued on the carbon fiber |
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skin and electrically grounded |
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to reduce possible interference between the logical control signals and |
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the module analog electronics. All mother cables are then connected to |
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the DOHM (and AUX) ports by using a set of appropriately terminated |
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the DOHM (and AUX) ports by using a set of appropriately shaped |
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flat-cables that have been preprared before, on the empty structure, |
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by using dummy replicas of the DOHS/AUX boards and mother cables. |
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by using dummy replicas of the DOHM/AUX boards and mother cables. |
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Each shell needs of three to six Control Rings, generally |
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differing also withinh the same shell with respect to the number of |
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Each shell is equipped by three to six Control Rings, generally |
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differing also within the same shell with respect to the number of |
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served strings and the geographical distribution of these strings |
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into the shell. |
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For example, Layer 1 and 2, which are equipped with |
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double sided modules, have control rings of 3 to 5 |
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strings, while Layer three and four have 13 to 15 single sided strings.\\ |
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strings, while Layer 3 and 4 have 13 to 15 single sided strings.\\ |
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\begin{figure}[!htb] |
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\begin{center} |
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\includegraphics[width=0.60\textwidth]{Figs/dohm.pdf} |
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\end{center} |
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\caption{A Layer 3 control ring circuitry during the cable preparation |
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witha DOHM and an AUX (the smaller board) with control ring cables |
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connected the mother cable heads (not visible).} |
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with a DOHM and an AUX (the smaller board) with control ring cables |
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connected to the mother cable heads (not visible).} |
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\label{fig:dohm} % Give a unique label |
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\end{figure} |
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very limited room available for services. |
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For layer three and four the part of the control cables |
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which is not protected by the carbon fiber plate |
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is shielded using a thin Aluminum foil.\\ |
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is shielded using a thin aluminum foil.\\ |
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The $4 \times 2$ optical fibers, which connect the two DOH to the FEC, |
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are cerefully routed and protected at the flange. In fact the |
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are carefully routed and protected at the flange. |
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This is a critical point because it is true that the |
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redundancy architecture allows the ring to work also if the connection |
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to the master DOH fails, but the price to pay if both DOH connections |
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fail is of the order of 1-2\% of the entire TIB.\\ |
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fail is of the lost of 1-2\% of the entire system.\\ |
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The DOHM cabling is completed by the power cable, very similar to the |
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mother cable 'medusas', and by the wiring of two PT1000 temperature |
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mother cable 'medusas', and by the wiring of two PT1000~\cite{ref:pt1000} |
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temperature |
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probes per control ring that comes already glued on the cooling manifolds. |
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The four probe wires are in fact routed through the DOHM via the Control |
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Ring power cable up to the power supply racks where the interlock |
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boards are also located. The four-wire resistance measurement |
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of the PT1000 is necessary to avoid the contribution of the |
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40 meter long power cable. |
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Also a humidity meter is hosted on the DOHM board; it is read out |
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through dedicated wires on the Control Ring power cable. |
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Also a hygrometer (HMX2000~\cite{ref:hmx}) is hosted on the DOHM board; it is read out |
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through dedicated wires on the Control Ring power cable. These sensors |
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are used to monitor the TIB/TID enviromental conditions even |
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without the tracker read-out switched on. |
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|
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A thinner carbon fiber skin is used as a protecting cover. Electrical |
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A thinner carbon fiber skin is used as a protecting and shielding |
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cover of the control ring circutry. Also in this case electrical |
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shielding is ensured by an aluminum foil glued to the cover and |
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grounded (Fig. \ref{fig:dohml1}). Finally the control ring is tested (see section \ref{sec:Tests}).\\ . |
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grounded (Fig. \ref{fig:dohml1}). |
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When completely installed |
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the control ring is tested. |
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A complete debug, including the control of the redundancy, is done |
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at this level to spot possible malfunctioning which are relatively easy |
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to repare at the integration centers. For a complete test description |
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see section \ref{sec:Tests}\\ . |
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|
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\begin{figure}[tbh] |
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\centering |
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\includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{Figs/L1DOHM.pdf} |
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\caption{A Layer 1 completed with its control rings. The DOHM and cable area is covered with |
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aa aluminum shielded carbon fiber plate.} |
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an aluminum shielded carbon fiber plate.} |
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\label{fig:dohml1} |
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\end{figure} |
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|
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\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{Figs/R1-back.pdf} |
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% \includegraphics[width=0.49\textwidth]{Figs/R3-front.pdf} |
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\end{center} |
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\caption{ The TID integration crown holding R1 rings in front (top) and back (bottom) positions.} |
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\caption{ The TID integration crown holding R1 rings in front (top) |
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and back (bottom) positions. FIXME (Carlo): secondo me ne basta una, cosi' |
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si salva un po' di spazio.} |
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\label{fig:ringbench} % Give a unique label |
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\end{figure} |
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Once a new ring structure arrived, it was mounted on an integration crown. In order to identify easily the mother cable positions |
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\includegraphics[height=0.6\textwidth]{Figs/DISK.pdf} |
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\end{center} |
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\caption{Disk assembled.} |
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\label{fig:tidassembly} % Give a unique label |
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\label{fig:tidassembled} % Give a unique label |
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\end{figure} |
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|
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|
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devices and their functional status (good, broken, mounted, dismounted, etc...).\\ |
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Along with module tests results also an important number is stored for each module: |
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the hardware identifier of the DCU chip |
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embedded with the module (or DcuHardId). This code can be retrieved during data acquisition, |
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embedded with the module.% (or DcuHardId). |
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This code can be retrieved during data acquisition, |
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allowing for an unambiguous identification of a module.\\ |
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A TIB/TID specific key was defined to store the location of mounted devices (named Geographical |
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Identifier, or GeoId): it is a string |
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composed of numerical fields separated by dots, as described in Table~\ref{tab:geoids}. |
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composed of numerical fields separated by dots. |
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%, as described in Table~\ref{tab:geoids}. |
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Bar code stickers with the GeoId are glued on the mechanical structure |
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before the integration starts (Fig. \ref{fig:stickers}). |
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|
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\begin{figure}[t] |
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\centering |
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\includegraphics[width=.6\textwidth]{Figs/stickers.pdf} |
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\caption{An empty shell with the bar code stickers identifying the strings.} |
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\label{fig:stickers} |
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\end{figure} |
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before the integration starts (Fig. \ref{fig:bench}). |
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|
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The first 7 numbers in a GeoId identify the string to which a device belongs, while the last |
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part of this code represents the physical location where the device is placed. |
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|
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\begin{table}[h!] |
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\begin{center} |
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\begin{tabular}{l|ccc} |
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& 1 & 2 & free value \\ |
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\hline |
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a & TIB & TID & \\ |
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b & Forward ($z>0$) & Backward ($z<0$) & \\ |
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c & Up ($y>0$) & Down ($y<0$) & \\ |
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d & & & Layer \# \\ |
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e & Inner & Outer & \\ |
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f & & & Manifold \# \\ |
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g & & & String \# \\ |
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\end{tabular} |
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\caption[smallcaption] |
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{A generic $a.b.c.d.e.f.g$ GeoId identifies a string and must be interpreted according |
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to this table. For example of GeoId 1.1.2.4.1.3.2 identifies the second string, of the |
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third manifold placed in the inner surface of the Layer 4 Down Forward TIB shell.} |
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\label{tab:geoids} |
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\end{center} |
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\end{table} |
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%\begin{figure}[t] |
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%\centering |
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%\includegraphics[width=.6\textwidth]{Figs/stickers.pdf} |
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%\caption{An empty shell with the bar code stickers identifying the strings.} |
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%\label{fig:stickers} |
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%\end{figure} |
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|
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The first 7 numbers in a GeoId identify the string to which a device belongs, |
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while the last |
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part of this code represents the physical location where the device is placed |
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in that particular string. |
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|
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%\begin{table}[h!] |
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%\begin{center} |
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%\begin{tabular}{l|ccc} |
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% & 1 & 2 & free value \\ |
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% \hline |
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% a & TIB & TID & \\ |
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% b & Forward ($z>0$) & Backward ($z<0$) & \\ |
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% c & Up ($y>0$) & Down ($y<0$) & \\ |
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% d & & & Layer \# \\ |
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% e & Inner & Outer & \\ |
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% f & & & Manifold \# \\ |
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% g & & & String \# \\ |
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%\end{tabular} |
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%\caption[smallcaption] |
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%{A generic $a.b.c.d.e.f.g$ GeoId identifies a string and must be interpreted according |
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%to this table. For example of GeoId 1.1.2.4.1.3.2 identifies the second string, of the |
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%third manifold placed in the inner surface of the Layer 4 Down Forward TIB shell.} |
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%\label{tab:geoids} |
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%\end{center} |
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%\end{table} |
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|
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%The first number identifies TIB (1) against TID (2), |
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%the second number marks the forward part (1) vs. the backward (2). Hence TIB and TID codes become |
